Insulated bottles typically consist of a double-walled construction, usually made of stainless steel. The space between these two walls is evacuated to create a vacuum. How it Works: A vacuum is a poor conductor of heat. By removing the air between the walls, heat transfer by convection and conduction is significantly minimized. Radiation is often further reduced by applying a reflective coating (like copper or silver) to one of the vacuum walls. Purpose: To maintain the temperature of the liquid inside for extended periods (e.g., keeping coffee hot for 6-12 hours, or water cold for 12-24 hours). Common Names: Vacuum flask, thermos, thermal bottle, insulated water bottle.
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